Liver Surgery and Tumor Management
Treatments
Liver Surgery and Tumor Management
The liver is one of the most complex organs in the body, responsible for vital functions. With modern surgical techniques and personalized treatment strategies, we provide world-class solutions for both benign and malignant liver tumors.
1. Liver Tumors and Diagnosis
Masses detected in the liver may originate from the liver’s own cells or may result from the spread (metastasis) of cancers arising in other organs (such as the colon).
- Malignant Tumors (HCC and Metastases): In primary liver cancers developing on the background of hepatitis or cirrhosis, as well as in colorectal cancer metastases, early surgical intervention is the most effective treatment option.
- Benign Lesions: Structures such as hemangioma, adenoma, and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) often require only monitoring. However, surgical removal is recommended in cases with bleeding risk or significant symptoms.
- Symptoms: In early stages, liver tumors are often asymptomatic. In advanced stages, jaundice, abdominal pain, and unexplained weight loss may occur.
2. Treatment Methods and Surgical Approaches
Each patient’s tumor characteristics and liver reserve are unique. Therefore, the most appropriate treatment strategy is determined through a multidisciplinary tumor board evaluation.
- Liver Resection (Surgery): Removal of the tumor-bearing tissue along with a margin of healthy tissue. Success depends on whether the remaining liver is sufficient and functionally healthy for the patient.
- Ablation Techniques: For small tumors not suitable for surgery, Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) or Microwave Ablation techniques are used to destroy the tumor with heat.
- Interventional Treatments: Techniques such as TACE (Transarterial Chemoembolization) or TARE (Transarterial Radioembolization) are performed via the bloodstream to block the tumor’s blood supply or deliver targeted radiation therapy directly to the tumor.
3. Postoperative Recovery and Lifestyle Guidance
Recovery after liver surgery should be supported by proper nutrition and a gradual exercise program.
- Nutritional Principles: To reduce the liver’s workload, patients should prefer low-fat, small, and frequent meals (5–6 meals per day) during the first weeks. Protein intake should be maintained at a high level to support the immune system. Raw meat, seafood, and unpasteurized products must be strictly avoided to minimize infection risk.
- Exercise and Physical Activity: During the first 4 weeks, light indoor walking and breathing exercises are recommended. From the third month onward, swimming and low-intensity sports may be introduced. However, heavy lifting and intense abdominal exercises should be avoided for at least 6 months.
- Follow-Up: During recovery, patients should seek immediate medical attention if they experience sudden weight loss, worsening jaundice, or severe abdominal pain.
What to Expect After Surgery
Full recovery after liver surgery or transplantation depends on strict adherence to proper nutrition, regular follow-up, and a carefully structured, gradual exercise program.
In the early postoperative period, patients should consume easily digestible, low-fat, high-protein foods and exercise maximum caution regarding food safety to prevent infections. Physical activity should begin with simple breathing exercises and short walks in the first weeks and should be gradually increased over the following months without straining the abdominal area.
This disciplined approach supports the liver’s natural regenerative capacity and enables patients to return to their social and professional lives in a healthy and timely manner.